PLASTIK GILLI TOG‘ JINSLARI HOLATINING BARQARORLIGIGA BURG‘ILASH ERITMALARINING TA’SIRINI KOMPLEKS

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive assessment of the effect of water-based drilling fluids on the stability of plastic clay-rich formations during well construction. The study focuses on hydration, swelling, dispersion, filtrate invasion and the formation of a protective colloidal filter cake along the borehole wall. Existing laboratory and field data on HPAM-based fluids, GLYCOL-POLYPAC systems, low-molecular sodium polyacrylate combined with glycerol, depolymerized silica hydrate and sodium formate-based SKIF/SKIF+ fluids were analytically reconsidered. The results indicate that the stability of plastic clays cannot be predicted by viscosity or filtration loss alone. A robust drilling-fluid design requires the balanced interaction of chemical inhibition, controlled filtration, polymer bridging and mechanical reinforcement of the borehole wall. The paper proposes an integrated evaluation framework that includes swelling index, stability time, filtration-risk coefficient and the functional role of additives.